Thursday, August 27, 2020

Journal The American Society Of Nephrology -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Talk About The Journal The American Society Of Nephrology? Answer: Presentation A noteworthy job is played by cost bookkeeping in those business associations which attempt producing tasks. The procedure of cost bookkeeping incorporates grouping, investigating, allotting, recoding and assessment different alternative with respect to game-plan so hierarchical expense can be controlled. Controlling the cost encourages the association to improve productivity by diminishing the operational expense. There are various types of costing frameworks which are liked to be executed by the organizations which incorporates customary costing framework, Activity based costing (ABC) framework and other. Another type of costing framework is being actualized by the associations in the contemporary circumstance, this is known as the Time Driven Activity Based Costing (TDABC). Anyway as indicated by (ker Ad?gzel 2016) one of the most well known technique among the association comparable to cost bookkeeping is the conventional costing strategy. It has additionally been expressed by Ka plan et al (2014) that the association are exposed to noteworthy inadequacies in the contemporary time frame comparable to the use of the Traditional technique. In this way the TDABC had been created by Robert S. Kaplan and Steven R. Anderson in 2004 to address the troubles which are started through the Traditional technique. The essential target of the report is to assess and break down the various parts of TDABC and furthermore recommend whether the execution of TDABC is reasonable or not. As indicated by Cooper (2017) the administration consultancy firm has the obligation of recommending the customer a proper methodology towards TDABC. The report additionally proposes highlights, examination and depiction corresponding to the bashful sorts of cost bookkeeping strategies (Weygandt, Kimmel Kieso 2015) Customer Background Biopharm Australia is a pharmaceutical association which works in Australia. The association has been built up in the year 1980 (Schnsleben, 2016). The association enjoys assembling of sulfated polysaccharides which is utilized to make veterinary medication. These items are utilized for rewarding joint ailments in mutts and ponies which are non-irresistible in nature (Zeng et al., 2014). The association is authorized through Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) who is the official controller of veterinary products. Likewise the organization additionally enjoys the assembling of different supplies comparable to creature treatment (Cohen, 2014). The association needs to experience huge scope fabricating process so as to make benefit in the serious market (Bing.com, 2018). Portrayal of TDABC It is portrayed through the above depiction that the procedure of TDABC has been started to address the inadequacy of the customary costing framework and the ABC. Regarding the working of TDABC the task of cost assets is done straightforwardly according to cost questions through the help of two sorts of evaluations. The primary estimation is comparable to the expense per time unit towards assets gracefully limit regarding cost exercises (Warren Jones 2018). The subsequent estimation is corresponding to the time units required towards playing out a movement (Johnson, 2014). There are six stages which must be conformed to comparable to the count of cost exercises in TDABC. These means are as per the following first step-here the exercises and administrations are distinguished second step-here the all out expense according to every asset bunch is assessed third step-here the viable time limit comparable to every asset bunch is finished fourth step-here the unit cost of every asset bunch is determined fifth step-here the time required for each action is evaluated sixth step-here the unit cost is increased according to each asset gathering to the evaluated time in the action Highlights of TDABC Comparable to TDABC there are some particular highlights as it is a specific methodology of costing. These are as per the following Concerning the procedure of TDABC it is in reality simple for the bookkeeper so as to do the task of cost towards the distinctive assembling exercises. Besides, the time required corresponding to the procedure is essentially less (ker Ad?gzel, 2016). TDABC can be handily incorporated inside the companys accessible or existing Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) framework which is a tremendous lift to the way toward assembling inside the firm (Siguenza-Guzman et al., 2014). Through the assistance gave by the TDABC the month to month pay is precisely created by the creation supervisors according to tasks (ker Ad?gzel, 2016). The arrangement of costing as for TDABC is viewed is having more productivity when contrasted with the conventional costing framework and the ABC as the assembling limit according to the firm is appropriately used by the framework (Siguenza-Guzman et al., 2014). Where the TDABC is executed the creation trough can adequately conjecture the asset requests (ker Ad?gzel, 2016). Quick just as modest changes can be brought to the costing model through the execution of TDABC (Siguenza-Guzman et al., 2014). Albeit little however essentially significant wellsprings of data is made accessible through the combination of TDABC to the directors which is required to address various issues emerging from the way toward assembling (ker Ad?gzel, 2016).. The strategies can be actualized with simple and can be put to use in any type of industry (Siguenza-Guzman et al., 2014). The highlights which have been talked about above unmistakably delineates that the arrangement of costing is better than different types of costing frameworks. Qualification As per Hardan Shatnawi (2013) there are significant contrasts which the TDABC has is connection to the customary costing technique. Similarly the TDABC likewise have noteworthy contrasts with ABC approach. The thing that matters is portrayed however the accompanying conversation TDABC v ABC approach In light of an off base technique for the American Accounting Standards the ABC had been brought into the framework. The significant territory of concern which is brought up according to ABC is that its methodology thinks about what has been done rather than which are the costs (Rajabi Dabiri, 2012). To the opposite the essential region on which the TDABC works is corresponding to distinguishing every offices or procedure limit of apportioning cost to the limit of asset bunch over the cost objective got from time required for each activitys execution. Concerning the ABC, various sorts of cost drivers alongside the complete expense related with exercises can be portrayed. The all out cost which is identified with an action is considered as the cost pool and what's more the highlights through which the presentation and cost of cost exercises is influenced is the cost driver highlight of ABC (Hardan Shatnawi, 2013). With regards to TDABC, where a decrease is work request has been recognized comparable to a particular division, the hierarchical chiefs are offered help through the procedure of TDABC towards making an estimation of discharged amount of assets (Hill et al., 2015). In this way through the above conversation it very well may be inferred that different qualities of cost can be caught by the TDABC with help from the time condition. To the opposite under ABC approach the task of circuitous expense is done towards the cost exercises and in this way on the cost goals. Furthermore with help from the cost drivers the assignment of backhanded costs is done on the cost exercises. The TDABC approach helps the created condition towards the task of time and cost in exercises by underscoring on every exercises objective (Emblemsvg Bras, 2012). Anyway where ABC and TDABC are included the six phase process is utilized to complete the figurings. In this way is clear that both the ABC and TDABC are totally unique. Customary Costing Approach v TDABC The essential purpose of differentiation between Traditional Cost Approach and TDABC is that the previous is significantly more basic when contrasted with the last mentioned. On one hand as for the TCS there is a need of spent assets and cost goals towards the assessment of various exercises and in the other had with regards to the TDABC the exercises utilized un cost objective relies on different cost exercises (Rumble, 2012). An association utilizes the TDABC framework where there is a nearness of high number of overheads just as high measure of different items. A requirement for exact and profoundly solid strategy comparable to operational cost the executives exists. Then again when it go to the TCS a solitary overhead pool is utilized which can't be used for genuine cost figuring. The procedure of TCS incorporates irregular cost objects portion dependent on machine or work hours (Cooper, 2017). The circumstance demonstrations an essential contrast between the two frameworks. The TDABC accommodates the consideration of recognizable items which incorporate the arbitral assortment of costs like devaluation, pay rates and others which are recognizable in the TCS. Besides when to comes to TCS after the creation of items have been finished the expense of creation is inferred by the bookkeepers. Then again in TDABC pocket range and criticism from clients is utilized to decide the creation cost. The expense of creation is diminished through the usage of TDABC which upgrades the profitability (Cohen, 2014). TDABC application and Suitability The accompanying conversation portrays the appropriateness of the TDABC comparable to assembling organizations. One progressively essential favorable position of applying the TDABC is the contrast between limit provided and limit utilized. The method of ascertaining the time required for proceeding with various exercises and to set up an association with away from of cost supplier solid in

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Examples of Creative Writing Essays

Examples of Creative Writing EssaysThere are many different writing samples for creative writing essay topics, but what types of writing you should consider when choosing one depends upon your personal style and the kind of work you want to accomplish. Writing samples are a good way to get an idea about what is out there.Creative writing essay examples are often based on a general theme. For example, one of the best samples is by Charles Bukowski where he highlights the appeal of alcoholism, citing its variety of amusing facets. While he is writing his own style, the writing sample points out something about how to structure a creative writing essay.It's easy to choose an example that is best suited to the type of writing you're going to do, but not necessarily the topic you want to write about. The most obvious example is famous sports writers. They can choose what sports they want to write about or they can provide examples of sports writing that helped them along their way.Sports writing examples are best for general writing that discusses the subject. While it may be more interesting to see one writer's work than another's, it's sometimes hard to imagine how a person who isn't familiar with the sports writing can appreciate it. And if you have read the same type of writing, you probably have a pretty good idea about what you want to read.There are many different kinds of essay examples, but it's still up to you to decide what types of topics you want to write about. It can help you if you think about the topics you've already explored in your own research or the research you plan to conduct while you're writing your essay. This will allow you to narrow down the choices that you have for the types of essays you want to do.An example of creative writing essay is a bit different from a general essay, because it can give you examples of creative writing, not just general writing. A great example of this type of writing is a topic for an introductory writing cla ss on literature. If you want to talk about a certain book or writer, it might be a great idea to use an example of creative writing, as opposed to a general essay.An example of creative writing essay is a great starting point for someone who wants to write an essay on a certain writer. Some writers want to expand on the topics in their writing samples, which can give them a good idea of what to write about and how to structure the essay. If you want to expand on your writing samples, an example can serve as a jumping off point, or as a way to polish your writing skills.Another great way to learn about writing is by reading other writers' work. The most common example is the research paper. Research papers are a great way to learn about your subject and to improve your own style, which is always a great thing.

Friday, August 21, 2020

Quick Tips For Running A Successful Business In Digital Age

Quick Tips For Running A Successful Business In Digital Age Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Quick Tips For Running A Successful Business In The Digital AgeUpdated On 11/06/2019Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : BusinessShort URL : http://hbb.me/1wfHy38 CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogWorking for other people your entire life will mean you never have the chance to earn the big money. No matter what career you might be in, you could always create higher wages by going it alone. Thankfully, there are government schemes in place at the moment that are designed to encourage innovation. That means it is now easier than ever before to register a company and start making money. Of course, there have been many changes over the last few years thanks to the dawn of the digital age. So, it’s important that everyone moves with the times and embraces the latest technology. At the end of the day, effective use of the internet could seriously increase your chances of being suc cessful.Running A Successful Business In The Digital AgeIMAGE CREDIT: MICHAEL COGHLAN / FLICKRRunning a business in the digital age does not mean you have to do everything online. Far from it. It just means is that you need to look towards the internet when it comes to promotion and some of your processes. In the past, gaining a large customer base would have taken a long time. However, that is no longer the case thanks to services like Google Adwords. We’ll go into that in more details in a moment. Before we do though, here are some tips to help get you started.Selecting your business conceptThe concept you select for your business will determine whether or not your idea gets off the ground. For the best results, you want to choose something that satisfies a need. To do that, simply keep a notebook handy and go about your life as usual for a few weeks. You should soon notice numerous daily issues that could be solved by an innovative product.If you would prefer to deal with servi ces, you should draw upon any previous experience or skills you might have. Remember, you can outsource most of the hard jobs in your new business, and so you don’t have to stick with things you can do without help. Just use your head and make sure you perform a lot of research to check out any competing companies. Entering a crowded marketplace will mean you have to work harder. Not only that, but you’ll also have to place your product or service on the market at a competitive price.Creating your business planMost people dread having to create a business plan. That is because the chances of receiving investment will depend upon how fruitful your idea seems to others. If you are worried about making your plan stand out, you could pay a professional to handle the job. That service isn’t going to cost a huge amount of money, but it will help to ensure your plan has the wow factor. If you choose to create your document singlehandedly, there are many guides and templates available online that offer guidance. When all’s said and done, your business plan is a personal thing. So long as it explains your concept and how you will make a profit, you shouldn’t require anything too fancy. Not creating a business plan is one of the top mistakes made by startups today.READHow to Start a Writing CompanySeeking investmentYou’re going to need a decent amount of cash to get your idea off the ground. That often means you need to seek outside investment. Seven years ago, high street banking chains were falling over themselves to offer money to new business owners. However, things changed during the recession, and now they are a lot more hesitant. With that in mind, you might like to consider trying private equity firms. In much the same way you would have done at the bank, you’ll need to pitch your idea and await a decision. If you don’t have much luck with the equity firms, you may have to use your savings or borrow money from friends and family.Promoting your bu sinessDepending on the nature of your new company, you may wish to approach promotion in various different ways. For most though, online advertising offers the best results. So, it’s vital that you get a website built for your brand as soon as possible. You can then open social media accounts and start gaining a following for free. Of course, Facebook and Twitter both offer paid advertising tools these days, and so you might like to consider using them. Presuming you have information about your target market, those tools make it easy to put your company in front of the people who matter most. You can target your efforts based on age, location, sex, interests and more.One of the best online promotional tools available to you is Google Adwords. Provided by the firm behind the world’s largest search engine, you can be sure of a quality service. Again, you simply require some basic details about your target market. It might be wise to pay a graphic designer to create the images for your ads, but you can handle most of the processes without outside assistance.Finding a suitable premisesIt’s always wise to work from home for as long as possible when launching a new business. There are many benefits to doing that, and most of them relate to finances. Even so, you’re going to need a suitable premises once profits start to roll in. With that in mind, you should either contact specialists companies or head over to see your local estate agents. Regus office space is very popular at the moment. Firms of that nature specialise in finding the most suitable spaces for people in your situation. If you would like to view a list of similar specialists, just search online.As you can probably see from the information on this page, running a successful business in the digital age is much the same as it has always been. However, there is one obvious difference, and that is most noticeable when it comes to advertising. The worst thing is to ignore the internet when looking t o promote your brand. There are thousands of free promotional avenues online, and you’ll get much better results if you utilise them.

Monday, May 25, 2020

Geography El Salvador s Geography - 1330 Words

Geography: El Salvador s geography is very diverse, most of the land is plains and flat land but it is bordered by a chain of mountains. El Salvador is known as the Land of Volcanoes, it has frequent earthquakes and volcanic activity. It is the only country in Central America that does not have a coastline on the Caribbean Sea, (National Geographic). There are about 20 active volcanoes surrounding El Salvador, it is located on The Ring of Fire. There are two mountain ranges that circle around El Salvador. The northern mountain ranges, the Sierra Madre, form a chain along the border with Honduras and the southern mountain ranges are a discontinuous chain of more than twenty volcanoes. The central plain covers only 25 percent of the land†¦show more content†¦The organization s main concerns are to identify the main causes of hunger and impoverishment problems, and to find solutions to the problems and teach them to the communities that need them, to raise awareness, give sensitivity tra ining, raise education standards and have a sense of organization in order to strengthen capacity among women, men and youth, also to take part in national and international campaigns, social and environmental justice movements, and democratization and citizenship that is focusing on the same goals, to advocate strategically around public policy, in alliance with other national and international networks, with the aim of achieving necessary structural changes; and they want to advocate relationships built on equality, honor, and unity also as lifestyle honesty application within and between the national and international communities (Presbyterian Mission). Background Info One of the many pressing Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) is zero hunger which aims to end hunger and all forms of malnutrition by 2030. Hunger has struck so many lives throughout the world, but the struggle with hunger has progressed considerably over the past fifteen years(UN Sustainable Development). Worldwide, hunger has dwindled increasingly from 15 percent in 2002-2004 to only 11 percent according to the 2014-2016 figures. There are certain places thatShow MoreRelatedEl Salvador : A Country On The Pacific Coast Of Central America1333 Words   |  6 PagesEl Salvador is a country on the Pacific coast of Central America, and borders Guatemala to the west and Honduras to the north and east (Geography). It is known for being the smallest Central American country and has an area equal to that of Massachusetts, it is also the only one with an Atlantic coastline (Geography). The majority of El Salvador s land is made up of a chain of volcanoes that expands throughout the Northern side of the country. The current government of El Salvador is a RepublicanRead MoreEl Salvador : A Country On The Pacific Coast Of Central America1333 Words   |  6 Pages El Salvador is a country on the Pacific coast of Central America, and borders Guatemala to the west and Honduras to the north and east (Geography). It is known for being the smallest Central American country and has an area equal to that of Massachusetts, it is also the only one with an Atlantic coastline (Geography). The majority of El Salvador s land is made up of a chain of volcanoes that expands throughout the Northern side of the country. The current government of El Salvador is a RepublicanRead MoreGuatemal Guatemala And Mexico1370 Words   |  6 PagesGuatemala Guatemala is divided into 22 departments. Guatemala s capital is the largest city is Nueva Guatemala de la Asuncià ³n, and is known as Guatemala City. Guatemala City, locally known as Guatemala or Guate, is the capital and largest city of Republic of Guatemala, and the most popular in Centro America. The city is located in the south–central part of the country. Pedro Alvarado was the Spanish man who conquered what is now Guatemala by defeating the native Mayan people and making it a SpanishRead MoreYoung Woman Who Are Hoping For A Better Life Essay1468 Words   |  6 PagesDepartment of State â€Å"Trafficking in Persons Report 2013†; Liliana was unable to find a job in El Salvador when she decided to leave the country in search of work. A family â€Å"friend† promised to take her to the United States, but instead took her to Mexico. When Liliana discovered that she had been tricked, she ran away and ended up in an area where other migrants like herself were w aiting to go to back to El Salvador. One day a group of men invited her and the others to join their organisation, the ZetasRead MoreEl Salvador s Economic Freedom3038 Words   |  13 PagesEl Salvador, located in Central America between Honduras and Guatemala, gained its independence from Spain in 1821, but El Salvador has recently suffered a devastating amount of loss due to a 12-year long civil war. The civil war finally ended in 1992, but the effects of the civil war can still be felt today. El Salvador is one of the poorest developing nations in the world. According to the 2014 Index of Economic Freedom, El Salvador ranks 59th out of 186 countries based on 10 freedoms. WhenRead MoreHonduras And Its Impact On American Culture1582 Words   |  7 Pagesperspectives are true, Honduras has a plethora of fascinating traits. Located in Central America, Honduras’ major language spoken is Spanish, and the capital is Tegucigalpa. It also holds many historical stories leadin g up to what it is today, incredible geography, culture, economics, and fascinating relationships with other countries. To admire the country for what it is today, understanding how it came to be is essential. Honduras was inhabited by indigenous tribes that were each incredibly diverse in theirRead MoreEssay on The Impact of the Remittances in Latin America1400 Words   |  6 Pagescountries in LAC. It is important to highlight that remittances represent about 70 percent of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and are five times larger than Official Development Assistance (World Bank) in the region. In Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador and the Dominican Republic, remittances at the beginning of the present decade were 4 times greater on average than FDI flows. Even in Colombia and Ecuador, where in relative terms remittances are lower than in some of the Central American and CaribbeanRead MoreThe Republic Of Nicaragu A Diverse Cultural Group Of Citizens1442 Words   |  6 PagesNicaraguans live below the poverty line (Export.gov, 2012). The Nicaraguan currency is the Cordoba, named after the Spanish conquistador Francisco Hernandez de Cordoba who established the first two Spanish settlements in the country during the 1600’s. The main language also happens to be Spanish but English and many indigenous languages are spoken as well, especially on the Atlantic coast. The populatio n is predominantly Roman Catholic but there is a current surge of Evangelical Protestantism goingRead MoreEssay Sustainable Land Management in Latin America3376 Words   |  14 Pagesaccess to the tools of industrial agriculture: chemical fertilizer, tractors, and other machinery (Kibben, 1996). In Mexico , some small farmers are still using the chinampas, or raised fields, of their ancestors (Atkins, Roberts, and Simmons, 1998). El Salvadoran coffee cooperatives are promoting reforestation and biodiversity in their production of shade grown coffee (Kennel-Shank, 2004). In Chirripà ³ National Park in Costa Rica , fire management practices are being reconsidered with evidence ofRead MoreThe History of Lipa City1856 Words   |  8 PagesJr. - Councilors Merlo P. Silva Eric B. Africa Ralph Peter S. Umali Ma. Concepcion R. Hernandez Avior R. Rocafort Dy Pang Lim Donato O. Linatoc Dominador M. Mauhay Raul A. Montealto Aries D. Macala - ABC President Renato V. Malleta - SK Federation President Regine M. Mayo Area - Total 209.4 km2 (80.8 sq mi) Population (2007) - Total 260,568 - Density 1,136/km2 (2,942.2/sq mi) Time zone PST (UTC+8) ZIP code 4217 Area code(s) 43 Income Class First Class Classification Component City;

Thursday, May 14, 2020

What Is Fluorescence

Fluorescence is luminescence that occurs where the energy is supplied by electromagnetic radiation, usually ultraviolet light. The energy source kicks an electron of an atom from a lower energy state into an excited higher energy state; then the electron releases the energy in the form of light (luminescence) when it falls back to a lower energy state. Fluorescence Examples: fluorescent lights, the red glow of rubies in sunlight, phosphors in television screens

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

My Favourite Fashion Icon Essay - 1054 Words

Celebrities like Zendaya, Keke Palmer, and Rihanna, quickly came to mind after reading this question. However as I thought about I the â€Å"why† and reflected on my personal preferences I realize my truly favorite fashion icon is my mother. No, my mother is not a celebrity, nor could you look her up on social media because she has none. Since a young girl I have always had a hard time identifying with celebrities, so the women in my life became my heroines. My mother has been my role model from the start, especially in fashion. Let me tell you about Mrs. Monique Dickenson. She is from Manhattan New York, which that alone can tell you a little about her style. As an only child she had a lot of responsibly and looking good was always at the top†¦show more content†¦Walking in the mall can be more than annoying. Strangers will walk up to her and compliment her outfit all the time. For her 50th birthday she wore a pants suite and a fedora tilted to the side, and of cours e some designer heels. Only my mom could pull that off. I appreciate the fact that she knows what she likes and how to make it work for her; and she never forces her style me. However what truly makes here shine no matter what she has on in her smile. It is true you’re never fully dressed without a smile. Though Monique Dickenson is not a celebrity she is my fashion inspiration; and just like any other fashion icon her presence can command a room; starting with her smile. 2. What challenges have you faced as a woman and what actions did you take to overcome them? You’re not pretty enough, you’re not tall enough, you’re not developed enough, and you’re not smart enough. YOU ARE NOT ENOUGH. As an aspiring black ballet dancer I am faced with â€Å"you are nots† every day. There is always someone or something telling you that you are subpar. Negativity combined with my competitiveness has driven me towards a deep work ethic. It has become apparent to me that I work so hard to prove my worth. At times the person I am trying to prove this to is myself. Once I realized that I was pushing myself to my wits end to prove what I already knew in my heart I was able to find peace. One day I literally stood in front of a mirror and repeatedly said â€Å"I am enough†. The moreShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Origin of The Beatles3014 Words   |  13 Pageswith an a. A full-time drummer, Pete Best (b. 1941, Liverpool, England), was recruited and they secured a residency at Bruno Koschminders Indra Club in Hamburg. It wa s during this period that they honed their repertoire of RB and rock n roll favourites, and during exhausting six-hour sets performed virtually every song they could remember. Already, the musical/lyrical partnership of Lennon/McCartney was bearing fruit, anticipating a body of work unparalleled in modern popular music. The imageRead MoreThe Studio System Essay14396 Words   |  58 Pagesdevelopment, classic operation, and reinvention of the global corporate entities which produce and distribute most of the films we watch. Starting in 1920, Adolph Zukor, head of Paramount Pictures, over the decade of the 1920s helped to fashion Hollywood into a vertically integrated system, a set of economic innovations which was firmly in place by 1930. For the next three decades, the movie industry in the United States and the rest of the world operated by according to these Read MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pages. Organization Theory Challenges and Perspectives John McAuley, Joanne Duberley and Phil Johnson . This book is, to my knowledge, the most comprehensive and reliable guide to organisational theory currently available. What is needed is a text that will give a good idea of the breadth and complexity of this important subject, and this is precisely what McAuley, Duberley and Johnson have provided. They have done some sterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of work

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Infrastructures of E-Commerce Strategy-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Infrastructures of E-commerce strategy. Answer: Infrastructures of e-commerce strategy: E-commerce now emerges as a gigantic manner so that every organization is now addicted to using it in order to manage the profit. Amazon, one of the biggest online shopping companies, can be a great example regarding utilizing the e-commerce technology. There are some infrastructures behind the whole procedures, and some layers are also there which is essential to be understood. Basically e-commerce business depends on the website, mobile application development where the company can connect with the customers. Amazon is also using this technique where 4 layers such as network technology substrate, transport and representation standard, middleware service and application layer situated or intermingled together to facilitate the technology in hand of the customers. As the internet started the journey, ecommerce got interlinked with it, and network technology substrate allows the customers to get the all resources as much as possible. Amazon Company builds the communication through web site and mobile application where network technology substrate layer, which is composed of the telecommunication network, helps to connect the terminal. It is a bunch or collection of the terminal nodes (Cariou et al., 2017). When customers want to communicate with the websites all these nodes enables message-switching, circuit switching to transfer the signals via correct links and nodes to derive the information. In the next layer, which is the transport and representation standard consists of TCP/IP protocol, is the set of rules or principle which allows one network to connect numbers of end users or numerous interconnected networks. The connection is made in this layer which allows the network technology substrate to get all the information available for the customers (Da Xu, He Li, 2014). Amazon Company using their portal by utilizing this two layers which are involved in connecting and building the networks. With the help of the internet, customers are now using all the resou rces at a time, and network technology substrate and transportation layer help to build and transport the information to the customers. Interlink between this two layers allow the middleware layer to perform in this part. Middleware layer just acts like glue which helps two layers to facilitate their works properly. It is basically a software through which all the information are performed or can be expressed to the customers. Middleware is the third party involvement, which helps to organize the databases between client end and company end and this is generally used to add the diversified software programs and enables them to talk or connect to each other (Nori et al,. 2016). All this procedures and layers ultimately get their destination or shape through the application layer, which is mainly the software or application. Customers use this layer or application to derive all the information, which they want. Application is the last layer where all the above three layers collected or are structured one by one to facilitate the information to their customers (Karagiannis et al,.2015). Amazon Company is using this infr astructure layer in their e-commerce business to allow the clients in order to promote their products or services References: Cariou, M., Potelon, B., Quendo, C., Cadiou, S., Schlaffer, E., Pessl, W., Le Fevre, A. (2017). Compact $ X $-Band Filter Based on Substrate Integrated Coaxial Line Stubs Using Advanced Multilayer PCB Technology.IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,65(2), 496-503 Da Xu, L., He, W., Li, S. (2014). Internet of things in industries: A survey.IEEE Transactions on industrial informatics,10(4), 2233-2243. Karagiannis, V., Chatzimisios, P., Vazquez-Gallego, F., Alonso-Zarate, J. (2015). A survey on application layer protocols for the internet of things.Transaction on IoT and Cloud Computing,3(1), 11-17.. Nori, A. K., Shukla, D., Christensen, Y., Krishnaprasad, M., Sedukhin, I. (2016).U.S. Patent No. 9,336,060. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.